Epinefrin
/id/Source Language: The language or dialect this term originates from (ID).Definition & Context
NounNoun
A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.
A hormone and neurotransmitter produced by the adrenal glands, used in medicine as an “emergency drug” to treat anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and severe bronchospasm by stimulating adrenergic receptors.
Synonyms & Variants
adrenalin
The term `adrenalin` is more popular among the general public and mass media, while `epinefrin` is used in official pharmaceutical and clinical contexts.
hormon stres
This term is descriptive and popular in usage, not employed in official clinical or pharmacological contexts.
suntik adrenalin
This expression is more commonly used in everyday conversation and media, rather than in formal medical writing.
katekolamin
This relation is hyponymic, where `epinefrin` is one member of the `katekolamin` group, not a perfect synonym.
Usage Notes or Etymology
The word epinephrine derives from ancient Greek, combining epi meaning 'upon' and nephros meaning 'kidney', referring to the anatomical position of the adrenal glands situated above the kidneys. The term was introduced into scientific literature in the late 19th century following the isolation of the compound by pharmacological researchers. In Indonesian medical contexts, epinefrin is the officially adopted term in pharmacopeias and clinical literature, equivalent to adrenalin, which is more widely recognized among the general public. The distinction between these two terms reflects a difference in naming conventions between the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) system, which uses “epinefrin”, and the trade name tradition that popularized “adrenalin”.
Real-world Usage
Dokter segera menyuntikkan epinefrin untuk mengatasi reaksi anafilaksis pasien.
English Translation
Representative of real-world usage and contextual accuracy.