Kortison
/id/Source Language: The language or dialect this term originates from (ID).Definition & Context
NounNoun
A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.
“Cortisone” is a naturally occurring steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex, with the chemical formula C21H28O5, playing a significant role in the regulation of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism in the body.
Synonyms & Variants
hidrokortison
Hydrocortisone is the biologically active form of cortisone. Both terms are often used interchangeably in clinical contexts, though they are biochemically distinct.
kortikosteroid
Corticosteroid is a broader term encompassing cortisone and related compounds, used primarily in pharmacological and clinical medical contexts.
glukokortikoid
Glucocorticoid is a more specific functional classification of cortisone, used in biochemistry and endocrinology contexts.
hormon adrenal
A general term used in popular or simplified medical contexts to refer to cortisone and other adrenal compounds.
steroid
In informal conversation, cortisone is often referred to simply as "steroid", though this term is far broader scientifically.
Usage Notes or Etymology
The word “kortison” is a loanword adapted from the English cortisone, which itself derives from the Latin cortex (meaning “bark” or “outer layer”), referring to the adrenal cortex as the site of hormone production. The compound was first scientifically isolated in 1935 by Edward Calvin Kendall and colleagues at the Mayo Clinic, United States. Kendall was subsequently awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1950 for this discovery. In the Indonesian medical context, “kortison” is consistently used in pharmacological and clinical literature as the official equivalent of the international term cortisone. This hormone also serves as the structural basis for the development of various synthetic corticosteroid drugs used in modern medicine.
Real-world Usage
Dokter meresepkan kortison untuk mengurangi peradangan sendi yang parah.
English Translation
Representative of real-world usage and contextual accuracy.