Demagogi
Definition & Context
Noun
A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.
The use of rhetoric or political tactics that aim to manipulate “emotion” and public prejudice to secure support, often accompanied by empty promises, issue simplification, and incitement. Common equivalents: “emotional manipulation”, “propaganda”, “inciting rhetoric”, “political agitation”.
Synonyms & Variants
agitasi
Incitement to the masses (to create chaos, rebellion, etc.).
omong kosong
Speech that lacks important content or meaning, often untrue or irrelevant.
penghasutan
The process, method, or act of inciting; stirring up anger or hostility.
propaganda
Information (ideas, opinions, etc.) that is true or false, spread with the aim of convincing people to adopt a certain ideology, attitude, or action.
retorika kosong
A style of speaking or writing intended to influence or persuade, but without substance or accountable promises.
Usage Notes or Etymology
The term “demagogy” derives from the Greek demagogos, composed of demos (people) and agogos (leader). The word appears in modern European languages as “démagogie” (French), “Demagogie” (Dutch/German), and “demagoguery/demagogy” (English); It entered Indonesian through modern political literature and translations, notably during colonial and postcolonial political discourse. Historically, demagogos was neutral—denoting a leader who rallies people—but from the 18th–19th centuries onward the term acquired a pejorative sense as practices of gaining power by exploiting fears, hatred, or false promises became evident. In contemporary usage, including in Indonesia, the label is applied to political actors or movements that selectively exploit identity, religion, or economic grievances to build support, often via mass media and social networks. Typical features of “demagogy” include issue simplification, scapegoating, repetitive slogans, and unrealistic populist promises. In political science and communication studies, the term carries negative connotations and is used to critique behaviors seen as undermining public deliberation.
Real-world Usage
Pidato tersebut penuh dengan demagogi yang memanfaatkan amarah rakyat untuk kepentingan politik sepihak.
English Translation
Representative of real-world usage and contextual accuracy.
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