Sampun
/jv/Source Language: The language or dialect this term originates from (JV).Definition & Context
AdverbAdverb
A word or phrase that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb or a word group, expressing a relation of place, time, circumstance, manner, cause, degree, etc.
A Javanese particle meaning “already” or “done”, representing the polite (krama) form of “wis” in Javanese dialect, indicating the completion of an action or event.
Synonyms & Variants
parantos
The polite form in Sundanese to express already.
sudah
Already finished or happened.
telah
Indicates an action that has been done.
usai
A word indicating the completion of an activity or time.
wis
Javanese adverb indicating completion or that something has already occurred, contrasting with the idea of repetition.
Usage Notes or Etymology
Etymologically, sampun originates from the Old Javanese sampurnna, rooted in the Sanskrit sampurna, meaning finished or complete. Within the Javanese linguistic hierarchy, this word evolved into a perfective aspect marker in the Krama register. Its usage reflects a deep respect for the interlocutor and the humility of the subject. Socially, sampun is employed to maintain politeness in formal interactions or when addressing elders. Beyond its temporal function, it often acts as a polite refusal as seen in the phrase “mboten sampun”, pragmatically signaling that the speaker's needs are satisfied without offending the person offering something.
Real-world Usage
Kulo sampun dhahar wonten griya. (Saya sudah makan di rumah.)
English Translation
Representative of real-world usage and contextual accuracy.