Kabeh
/jv/Source Language: The language or dialect this term originates from (JV).Definition & Context
NounNoun
A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.
An adverb denoting “totality” or the “entirety” of a group, quantity, or entity with nothing remaining. Kabèh functions to indicate that every part of a subject is fully included within a specific condition or action.
Synonyms & Variants
kabeh
Non-standard or informal form of 'semua' often used in daily conversation, especially among speakers influenced by Javanese.
segenap
Indicates totality with emphasis on completeness and wholeness, often used in formal or literary contexts.
sekalian
Expresses totality or together, often used in the context of invitation or emphasis.
seluruh
Indicates the entirety of a part or group, often used as a determiner or adjective.
semua
A word indicating totality or entirety without exception. It is the formal and common equivalent in Indonesian.
Usage Notes or Etymology
The word kabèh originates from Old Javanese kabeh, attested in classical Javanese literature including Kawi manuscripts and Mataraman court poetry. The grave accent on 'è' marks the open vowel pronunciation /ɛ/, characteristic of Javanese orthographic conventions. The term is register-neutral and appears across speech levels from Ngoko to Krama, though in refined Krama it is often substituted with sedaya. Its usage spans Central Java, East Java, and extends to Javanese diaspora communities in Suriname and Malaysia.
Real-world Usage
Dhuwit sing ono ing dompet wis entek kabèh! (Uang yang ada di dompet sudah habis semua!)
English Translation
Representative of real-world usage and contextual accuracy.